Zingaphi iiDigri zokwakha iiFilimu ezinokuthoba ngokwenene? ​​Kutheni imibuzo yokwenyani ikukonga ubushushu, intuthuzelo kunye nokonga amandla

Intshayelelo

Abantu abaninzi basabuza umbuzo ofanayo xa becinga ngokwakha ifilimu: zingaphi iidigri eziya kwehla. Lowo ngumbuzo wendalo, kodwa ungowokungaphelelanga. Isiphumo sobushushu seifilimu yefestile yokulawula ilangakuxhomekeke kwimozulu, uhlobo lweglasi, indawo yefestile, indlela ejongwa ngayo, kunye nomthwalo wokupholisa nowokufudumeza wesakhiwo, ngoko ke akukho kwehla kobushushu okuqhelekileyo okusebenza kuyo yonke iprojekthi. Uphando ngeefilimu zolawulo lwelanga lubonisa ukuba ixabiso lazo lonyaka kufuneka ligwetywe ngokwemeko, kungekhona ngenani elinye.

Kutheni kungekho kwehla kobushushu obuzinzileyo kwifilimu yokwakha

Ifilimu yokwakha ayithobeli ubushushu begumbi kwi-vacuum. Imveliso efanayo inokusebenza ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu, ilanga elithe ngqo, indawo yeglasi, kunye nokuba bungakanani ubushushu obusele bungena kwisakhiwo. Izifundo zeefilimu zolawulo lwelanga zibonisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba ukusebenza kuyatshintsha kwiintlobo zezakhiwo kunye nemozulu, kwaye ezinye iifilimu zinciphisa imfuno yokupholisa ngelixa zinyusa imfuno yokufudumeza ngamaxesha abandayo.

Yiyo loo nto izithembiso ezithe ngqo ezifana nokunciphisa okuqinisekisiweyo kwe-5°C, 8°C, okanye i-10°C zingekho nzima. Ifilimu ingenza kakuhle kakhulu kwisakhiwo esishushu nesiphantsi kokupholisa, kodwa ivelise iziphumo ezincinci kwimozulu exubeneyo okanye kwisakhiwo esinokukhanya okuncinci. Olunye uphando kwihotele lufumanise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokubanzi kwehle malunga ne-2%, ngelixa olunye lubike ukonga kwamandla okupholisa kuluhlu lwe-3.4% ukuya kwi-6.4% kuxhomekeke kumxholo wokulungiswa kwakhona.

Ubushushu abuyiyo yodwa inguqu: Ubushushu belanga buyinto yokwenyani

Ingxaki yokwenyani ayilonani elikwi-thermometer. Linani lemitha yelanga engena ngeglasi. Iifilimu zokulawula ilanga zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukwanda kwemitha yelanga, ukukhanya kwelanga, kunye nokuvezwa yi-UV, yiyo loo nto zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula intuthuzelo yobushushu kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yokupholisa. Kwisifundo esinye, ifilimu yokulawula ilanga yehlisa ukwanda kobushushu ngeefestile malunga nama-55%.

Yingakho ke iimveliso ezilungileyo zingengowona mnyama ngokuyimfuneko. Ezinye iifilimu zenziwe ngee-optical layers kunye netekhnoloji yokugquma ukuze zingabi namandla elanga ngelixa zigcina ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nomgangatho wombono. Uphando malunga nezicelo zokwakha lubonisa ukuba indima yefilimu kukulawula umthwalo welanga ongenayo, kungekuphela nje ukwenza iglasi ibe mnyama.

Yintoni Emisela Isiphumo Sokwenyani Sokupholisa Sefilimu Yokwakha

Isiphumo sokupholisa sixhomekeke kwinkqubo yonke yesakhiwo. Ubungakanani befestile, ukujongwa kwayo, umthunzi, imozulu, kunye nokusebenza kwe-HVAC konke kuchaphazela isiphumo. Ingxelo evela kwiLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory iphawula ukuba ifilimu yokulawula ilanga inamandla amakhulu okonga amandla kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, kwizakhiwo ezilawulwa ngumthwalo opholileyo, kwaye apho indawo yeefestile kunye nokuvezwa kwelanga kubalulekile.

Yiyo loo nto iiprojekthi ezimbini ezisebenzisa ifilimu enye zinokuvelisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Ifilimu yokulawula ilanga eofisini ejonge entshona eneglasi enkulu ihlala ivelisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kwifilimu efanayo kwigumbi elincinci elijonge emantla elinokukhanya okuphantsi kwelanga. Kwizifundo zasentsimini nakwimodeli, ukunciphisa ubushushu bangaphakathi kunye nokonga i-HVAC kwahluka kakhulu ngokoyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nemozulu, yiyo loo nto kanye abathengi kufuneka bavavanye imeko yokusetyenziswa endaweni yokucela inombolo enye emiselweyo.

Kutheni Amagumbi Amabini Akwiqondo Elifanayo Elingama-26°C Angavakala Ngahlukileyo Kwaphela?

Intuthuzelo yobushushu ayimiselwa bubushushu bomoya kuphela. Ubushushu bomphezulu wefestile, ubushushu obuvela kwiglasi, ukukhanya kwelanga, kunye nomsebenzi womntu ohlala apho zonke ezi zinto zibumba indlela igumbi elivakalelwa ngayo. Uphando lwentuthuzelo yakudala lubonisa ukuba iindawo ezifudumeleyo zefestile zinokutshintsha ubushushu abantu abaziva bekhululekile kubo, nokuba ubushushu bomoya bufana ephepheni.

Yiyo loo nto iindawo ezimbini kwi-26°C efanayo zinokuvakala zahlukile kakhulu. Elinye igumbi linokuziva lizolile kuba umphezulu weglasi upholile kwaye umthwalo welanga uphantsi. Elinye linokuziva lingonwabanga kuba ilanga ngqo lifudumeza indawo ejikeleze ummandla kwaye lidala ukungonwabi okukhanyayo. Kwisifundo seofisi, iindawo ezineefestile zixelwe ukuba zibanda kakhulu ngaphakathi ngaphakathi phakathi kwe-2°C ukuya kwi-5°C, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba intuthuzelo ebonwayo kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu kudla ngokuhamba kunye, kodwa kungekhona ngendlela efanayo.

Icala elibonakalayo nalo libalulekile. Ukunciphisa ukukhanya kunceda abantu bazive bekhululekile ngakumbi kufutshane nefestile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iifilimu zokulawula ilanga zisetyenziswe ukuphucula ukusebenza kobushushu kunye nokusebenza kwemini kwizakhiwo ezisebenzayo.

Endaweni yokubuza ukuba zingaphi iidigri, buza ukuba bungakanani ubushushu obuncitshisiweyo, indlela intuthuzelo ephucuka ngayo, kunye nokuba bungakanani amandla agciniweyo.

Lowo ngumbuzo ofanelekileyo kubathengi. Ifilimu kufuneka igwetywe ngobungakanani bobushushu belanga evimbayo, ubungakanani bokukhanya nokungonwabi ekunciphisayo, kunye nokuba igcina amandla e-HVAC angakanani unyaka wonke. Kwiizifundo ezahlukeneyo zezakhiwo, iifilimu zokulawula ilanga ziye zanciphisa imfuno yokupholisa, zaphucula intuthuzelo yobushushu, kwaye zanciphisa ukungonwabi ngaphakathi, kodwa ubungakanani benzuzo buyatshintsha ngokwemozulu kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo.

Yingakho abathengisi abathembekileyo bethetha ngedatha yokusebenza, kungekhona isithembiso sobushushu obuzinzileyo. Umenzi wefilimu yokwakha olungileyo kufuneka akwazi ukuchaza ukunciphisa ukufuma kwelanga, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo, ulawulo lwe-glare, kunye neemeko apho imveliso isebenza kakuhle khona. Abathengi ababuza loo mibuzo bahlala bekulungele ukukhetha imveliso efanelekileyo kwiprojekthi efanelekileyo.

Ifilimu yokwakha ayinayo inani eliqhelekileyo lamadigri enokuthi yehlise. Isiphumo sixhomekeke kwimozulu, indawo yeglasi, indawo ebekwe kuyo, umthunzi, kunye neemeko ze-HVAC, yiyo loo nto uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lubanzi kunobushushu bodwa. Imibuzo engcono kukuba bungakanani ubushushu obuncitshisiweyo, bungakanani ubumnandi obuphucukayo, kunye nokuba bungakanani amandla agciniweyo. Kwi-ethembekileyoumthengisi wefilimu yezilwanyana zasekhaya, elo lixabiso lokwenyani lefilimu yokulawula ilanga eyilwe kakuhle.

Imithombo / Iingxelo

1.UMoretti, E., et al. 2015. Uvavanyo lwamandla, ubushushu, kunye nokusebenza kwemini kweefilimu zolawulo lwelanga kwiifestile ezineglasi enye.

2. Bahadori-Jahromi, A., et al. 2017. Impembelelo yeeFilimu zefestile ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla ngokubanzi kwehotele.

3.USedghat, A., et al. 2021. Iziphumo zeeFilimu zefestile kwiipropati zeThermo-Solar kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane ongenisa umoya kwizakhiwo.

4.Huang, HY, et al. 2024. Uvavanyo lweMiphumo yeeFilimu zefestile kwiNdawo yangaphakathi kunye nokusetyenziswa koMbane oVuthelayo kwiZakhiwo.